Abstract: The Southwest China vortex is one of the most important severe weather systems in China. The research and forecasting of Southwest China vortex and its influences on weather are always the key and difficult points in weather science. This paper systematically summarizes major advances in both aspects of researching and observing experiments about the Southwest China vortex and precipitation in recent ten years, and focuses on the main problems, such as basic data, mesoscale feature, evolution mechanism, weather influence and prediction technology. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance to carry out the mesoscale research of Southwest China vortex, specially on the observing-layout experiments. Finally, we point out that it is an important development direction in the future to strengthen the comprehensive research on mesoscale meteorology, including the observing system, multi-source data, analytical technique and theory research that match with the scales of Southwest China vortex.