Abstract: Based on 604 precipitation samples collected from 2011 to 2019 in Waliguan Area, the pH, conductivity and ion concentration of precipitation were analyzed, and the chemical characteristics and ion sources were discussed by factor analysis, enrichment factor analysis, correlation analysis and backward trajectory method. The results show that: 1) The pH value of precipitation in Waliguan Area ranges from 4.37 to 8.13, with a weighted average of 6.13. 2) The conductivity varies from 2.47 to 153.2 μs/cm, with a weighted average of 14.87 μs/cm. 3) The total ion concentration varies from 21.46 to 2027.55 μeq/L, with a weighted average of 232.05 μeq/L; The weighted average concentration ion size order is Ca²⁺＞NH₄⁺＞SO₄^2-＞NO₃^-＞ Cl^-＞ Na⁺＞ Mg²⁺＞ F^-＞ K⁺. Ca²⁺ is the main cation in precipitation, and its concentration of 89.73 μeq/L contributes 39% to the total ion concentration, while SO₄^2- is the main anion in precipitation, and its concentration of 38.34 μeq/L contributes 17% to the total ion concentration. ExceptNH₄⁺, the concentration of each ion in precipitation in Waliguan Area shows a trend of higher in winter and spring, and lower in summer and spring. 4) Neutralization factor analysis shows that Ca²⁺ and NH₄⁺ play a leading role in the neutralization of precipitation acidity. 5) The sea salt tracer method and correlation analysis indicate that precipitation ions in the study area are mainly from terrestrial sources, Na⁺ and Cl^- are mainly from marine sources, Ca²⁺, Nand are mainly from terrestrial sources, and both marine and terrestrial sources contribute to K⁺ and _Mg²⁺ to a certain extent. 6) Backward trajectory analysis shows that the precipitation ion concentration in Waliguan Area is mainly affected by the west wind source and local sources.