Abstract: By using the observational data from surface automatic weather stations, radiosonde data, and reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), this study classifies the 500 hPa height field circulation patterns of 57 thunderstorm and strong wind weather processes at Yinchuan Hedong Airport from 2000 to 2016. Based on mesoscale weather analysis techniques, the upper-level synoptic system configurations of different types of thunderstorm and strong wind weather processes are summarized. The results show that the circulation pattern of thunderstorm and strong wind weather processes at Yinchuan Hedong Airport can be divided into four types: Low vortex type, straight westerly type, northwest airflow type, and westerly trough type. During thunderstorm and strong wind weather processes at Yinchuan Hedong Airport, the temperature-dew point difference above 500 hPa is relatively large, indicating the atmosphere is extremely dry. The upper-level strong dry and cold air is superimposed on the relatively warm and humid airflow in the lower level, increasing the vertical decrease rate of atmospheric temperature and thereby resulting in greater lower-level negative buoyancy, which is conducive to the occurrence of strong convective weather on the ground.