Action Programs of Urban Adaptation to Climate Change- Typical Domestic and Overseas Cases of Response to Meteorological Disasters

This paper reviews measures, aiming to adapt high-temperature disaster, water disaster and sea level rise, taken by different countries around the world, of urban adaptation to climate change. According to analysis, there exists several universal rules of developing climate change adaptation strategies, although the geographical scales, climate conditions and social environments are various in different regions. The rules include: leading roles of governments at all levels, cooperation between different organizations, strategies adjusted to local conditions, consideration of long-term influence of climate change, sustainability of adaptation program construction, inclusion of disaster adaptation to urban infrastructure, encouragement of the whole society. Currently, comparing with developed counties or regions, although Chinese cities started relatively late on making strategies and measures related to urban climate change adaptation, some progress has been achieved with national attention, governmental leading, academic study and exploration. Some researches and projects on urban climate adaptability in some cities for the 13th Five-Year Plan have been more rational and mature. Some positive achievements in related pilot projects also exist.